ANSWER: B
Type II (mixed) cryoglobulinemia is characterized by immune-complexes containing a monoclonal Ig (usually IgM) that have an RF activity and polyclonal Ig (usually IgG). It’s most commonly caused by HCV, with some cases caused by lymphoproliferative or autoimmune disorders.
References:
Zaidan M, et al. Spectrum and prognosis of noninfectious renal mixed cryoglobulinemic GN. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 27:1-12.
Fabrizi F, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection, mixed cryoglobulinemia, and kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2013; 61(4): 623-637.
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